Polygamy :: Misconception about ISLAM !

Posted by: KING-slave of ALLAH ! on: October 8, 2009

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Polygamy :: Misconception about ISLAM !

Why  is  a  man  allowed  to  have  more  than  one  wife  in  Islam,  i.e.  why  is polygamy allowed in Islam.

1. Definition of Polygamy

Polygamy means a system of marriage whereby one person has more than one spouse. Polygamy can be of two types. One is polygamy where a man marries more than one woman, and the other is polyandry, where a woman marries more than one man. In Islam, limited polygyny is permitted; whereas polyandry is completely prohibited.

Now coming to the original question,

why is a man allowed to have more than one wife?

2. The Qur’an is the only religious scripture in the world that says, “marry only one”. The Qur’an is the only religious book, on the face of this earth, that contains the phrase ‘marry only one’. There is no other religious book that instructs men to have only one wife. In none of the other religious scriptures, whether it be the Vedas, the Ramayan, the Mahabharat, the Geeta, the Talmud or the Bible does one find a restriction on the number of wives. According to these scriptures one can marry as many as one wishes. It was only later, that the Hindu priests and the Christian Church restricted the number of wives to one.

Many Hindu religious personalities, according to their scriptures, had multiple wives. King Dashrat, the father of Rama, had more than one wife. Krishna had several wives. In earlier times, Christian men were permitted as many wives as they wished, since the Bible puts no  restriction on the number of wives. It was only a few centuries ago that the Church restricted the number of wives to one.Polygyny is permitted in Judaism. According to Talmudic law, Abraham had three wives, and Solomon had hundreds of wives.

The practice of polygyny continued till Rabbi Gershom ben Yehudah (960 C.E to 1030 C.E) issued an edict against it. The Jewish Sephardic communities living in Muslim countries continued the practice till as late as 1950, until an Act of the Chief Rabbinate o Israel extended the ban on marrying more than one wife.

(*Interesting  Note:-  As  per  the  1975  census  of  India  Hindus  are  more polygynous than Muslims. The report of the ‘Committee of The Status of Woman in Islam’, published in 1975 mentions on page numbers 66 and 67 that the percentage of polygamous marriages between the years 1951 and 1961 was 5.06% among the Hindus and only 4.31% among the Muslims. According to Indian law only Muslim men are permitted to have more than one wife. It is illegal for any non-Muslim in India to have more than one wife.

Despite it being illegal, Hindus have more multiple wives as compared to Muslims. Earlier, there was no restriction even on Hindu men with respect to the number of wives allowed. It was only in 1954, when the Hindu Marriage Act was passed that it became illegal for a Hindu to have more than one wife. At present it is the Indian Law that restricts a Hindu man from having more than one wife and not the Hindu scriptures.)

Let us now analyse why Islam allows a man to have more than one wife.

3.   Qur’an permits limited polygamy

As I mentioned earlier, Qur’an is the only religious book on the face of the earth that says ‘marry only one’.  The context of this phrase is the following verse from Surah Nisa of the Glorious Qur’an:

“Marry women of your choice, two, or three, or four; but if ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one.” [Al-Qur’an 4:3]

Before the Qur’an was revealed, there was no upper limit for polygyny and many men had scores of wives, some even hundreds.  Islam put an upper limit of four wives. Islam gives a man permission to marry two, three or four women, only on the condition that he deals justly with them.

In the same chapter i.e. Surah Nisa verse 129 says:

“Ye are never able to be fair and just as between women….” [Al-Qur’an 4:129]

Therefore polygyny is not a rule but an exception.   Many people are under the misconception that it is compulsory for a Muslim man to have more than one wife.

Broadly, Islam has five categories of Do’s and Don’ts:

(i)     ‘Fard‘ i.e. compulsory or obligatory

(ii)    ‘Mustahab‘ i.e. recommended or encouraged

(iii)  ‘Mubah‘ i.e. permissible or allowed

(iv)    ‘Makruh‘ i.e. not recommended or discouraged

(v)     ‘Haraam‘ i.e. prohibited or forbidden

Polygyny falls in the middle category of things that are permissible. It cannot be said  that  a  Muslim  who  has  two,  three  or  four  wives  is  a  better  Muslim  as compared to a Muslim who has only one wife.

4. Average life span of females is more than that of males

By  nature  males  and  females  are  born  in  approximately  the  same  ratio.  A female child has more immunity than a male child. A female child can fight the germs and diseases better than the male child. For this reason, during the pediatric age itself there are more deaths among males as compared to the females.

During wars, there are more men killed as compared to women. More men die due to accidents and diseases than women.  The average life span of females is more than that of males, and at any given time one finds more widows in the world than widowers.

5. India  has  more  male  population  than  female  due  to  female

foeticide and infanticide India is one of the few countries, along with the other neighbouring countries, in

which the female population is less than the male population. The reason lies in the high rate of female infanticide in India, and the fact that more than one million female foetuses are aborted every year in this country, after they are identified as females. If this evil practice is stopped, then India too will have more females as compared to males.

6. World female population is more than male population In the USA, women outnumber men by 7.8 million. New York alone has one million more females as compared to the number of males, and of the male population of New York one-third are gays i.e sodomites. The U.S.A as a whole has more than twenty-five million gays. This means that these people do not wish to marry women. Great Britain has four million more females as compared to males. Germany has five million more females as compared to males. Russia has nine million more females than males. God alone knows how many million more females there are in the whole world as compared to males.

7.  Restricting  each  and  every  man  to  have  only  one  wife  is  not practical Even if every man got married to one woman, there would still be more than thirty  million  females  in  U.S.A  who  would  not  be  able  to  get  husbands (considering that America has twenty five million gays).

There would be more than four million females in Great Britain, 5 million females in Germany and nine million females in Russia alone who would not be able to find a husband. Suppose my sister happens to be one of the unmarried women living in USA, or suppose your sister happens to be one of the unmarried women in USA. The only  two  options  remaining  for  her  are  that  she  either  marries  a  man  who already has a wife or becomes ‘public property’. There is no other option. All those who are modest will opt for the first. Most women would not like to share their husband with other women. But in

Islam when the situation deems it really necessary Muslim women in due faith could bear a small personal loss to prevent a greater loss of letting other Muslim sisters becoming ‘public properties’.

8. Marring a married man preferable to becoming   ‘public property’ In Western society, it is common for a man to have mistresses and/or multiple extra-marital affairs, in which case, the woman leads a disgraceful, unprotected

life. The same society, however, cannot accept a man having more than one wife, in which women retain their honorable, dignified position in society and lead a protected life.Thus the only two options before a woman who cannot find a husband is to marry  a  married  man  or  to  become  ‘public  property’.   Islam  prefers  giving women the honorable position by permitting the first option and disallowing the second.

There are several other reasons, why Islam has permitted limited polygamy, but it is mainly to protect the modesty of women.

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